Artificial Intelligence (AI), a very important advance

Although the first historical references date back to the 1930 with Alan Turing, considered the father of artificial intelligence, the starting point is considered to be the year 1950, precisely when Turing published an article with the title “Computing machinery and intelligence” in Mind magazine, where the question was asked: can machines think? and proposed a method to determine whether a machine can think.

The foundations of AI are found in the experiment that he proposes in that article, which was renamed the Turing Test, and through whose overcoming by a machine it could be considered that it would be able to pass for a human in a blind talk.

AI is a branch of computational sciences in charge of studying computer models capable of carrying out activities typical of human beings based on two of their primary characteristics: reasoning and behavior. There are also different types of perceptions and actions, which can be obtained and produced, respectively, by physical sensors and mechanical sensors in machines, electrical or optical pulses in computers, as well as by bit inputs and outputs of software and its software environment.

Several examples are in the area of ​​systems control, automatic planning, the ability to respond to diagnostics and consumer inquiries, handwriting recognition, speech recognition, and pattern recognition. AI systems are now routine in fields such as economics, medicine, engineering, transportation, communications and the military, and have been used in a wide variety of software applications, strategy games, such as computer chess, and other video games.

AI is divided into two schools of thought:

▸Conventional artificial intelligence

It is also known as symbolic-deductive AI. It is based on the formal and statistical analysis of human behavior when face different problems of: Expert systems, Bayesian networks, Behavior-based artificial intelligence, Smart process management

▸Computational intelligence

Computational Intelligence (also known as subsymbolic-inductive AI) involves interactive learning or development (eg, interactive modifications of parameters in connection systems). The knowledge is achieved based on empiric facts.

See also:
Artificial Neural Network – What do we know about it

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